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The effect of speech recognition technology on Igbo language documentation in Enugu

  • Project Research
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  • NGN 5000

Background of the Study
Recent advancements in speech recognition technology have opened new avenues for documenting and preserving endangered languages. In Enugu, where Igbo remains a vital cultural and linguistic medium, digital documentation through automated speech recognition offers the potential to capture native intonations, dialectal variations, and authentic conversational styles. Historically, Igbo language documentation has relied on manual transcription, which is time‐consuming and prone to human error (Okafor, 2023). The integration of speech recognition systems can streamline this process by rapidly converting spoken Igbo into digital text, thereby enabling large-scale archiving and analysis. Furthermore, this technology can help bridge gaps in the existing linguistic data by providing real-time transcription of interviews, oral histories, and everyday conversations. Recent studies emphasize that emerging AI-based models have significantly improved transcription accuracy for under-resourced languages (Nwosu, 2024). However, challenges remain, including dialectal variability and background noise, which require localized training of algorithms. As technology evolves, these challenges can be mitigated, enhancing the quality of language documentation. Consequently, this study aims to evaluate the impact of speech recognition technology on the documentation process, exploring its potential to revolutionize linguistic research and heritage preservation in Igbo communities.

Statement of the Problem
Despite rapid technological progress, Igbo language documentation in Enugu remains hindered by limited integration of speech recognition tools. Traditional transcription methods are labor-intensive and often fail to capture the dynamic nuances of the language, leading to incomplete archives. In addition, current speech recognition systems are predominantly trained on major global languages, which results in lower accuracy rates when applied to Igbo, particularly with its diverse dialects (Okafor, 2023; Nwosu, 2024). This technological gap compromises efforts to preserve Igbo’s linguistic heritage. Therefore, a systematic evaluation is required to determine the effectiveness of these tools in addressing existing documentation challenges, and to provide recommendations for developing more robust, locally adapted systems.

Objectives of the Study

  1. To evaluate the accuracy of current speech recognition systems in transcribing Igbo in Enugu.
  2. To identify the challenges and limitations of applying these technologies to Igbo language documentation.
  3. To recommend enhancements for speech recognition models tailored to Igbo dialectal variations.

Research Questions

  1. What is the current accuracy level of speech recognition technology when applied to Igbo language data in Enugu?
  2. What are the primary challenges encountered in using these technologies for Igbo documentation?
  3. How can speech recognition models be improved to better accommodate Igbo dialectal diversity?

Significance of the Study
This study is significant as it provides critical insights into the application of speech recognition technology for preserving the Igbo language. By highlighting current challenges and proposing targeted solutions, it supports efforts to modernize language documentation. The findings will benefit linguists, AI developers, and cultural preservationists, promoting the integration of advanced technology in preserving indigenous languages, and ultimately contributing to the safeguarding of cultural heritage.

Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study focuses solely on the impact of speech recognition technology on Igbo language documentation in Enugu. It is limited to analyzing current technological tools and does not extend to other documentation methods or languages.

Definitions of Terms

  1. Speech Recognition Technology: Software systems that convert spoken language into text.
  2. Language Documentation: The process of recording and analyzing languages for preservation and study.
  3. Dialectal Variations: Differences in language usage among various groups within the same language community.




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